Manufacture of deep-flange sections.



G. H. EVERSON.

MANUFAGTURE OPDEEP FLANGB SECTIONS.

APPLIUATION FILED NOV.11, 190B.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR y,... Z4, 5f"

WIV'I'NESSESZ G. H. EVERsoN.

MNUFAGTURE 0E DEEP ELANGE SECTIONS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.11, 1903.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

G. H. EVERSON.

MANUFAGTURE 0F DEEP FLANGE SECTIONS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 11, 190B.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

wvl-Messes: I

|NVENTOR 'UNTTED sTATEs PATENT ernten'.

GEORGE H. EVERSON, 0F PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MANUFACTURE OF DEEPFLANGE SECTIONS.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. EvERsoN, a resident of Pittsburg, inthecounty of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Manufacture of Deep-Flange Sections. ot'which the following is a specifica tion.

The primary object of this invention is to produce deep fla-nge sectinswithout impairing the stability of the ingal, and particularly withoutweakening tie web, so that such sections may be produced by an operationwhich is substantially continuous, z'. e., continuous with the rollingof the metal .from slabsor ingots.

The limitations in producing flanged sections by rolling are wellrecognized. It is practicable to roll flanges of a depth of from two tothree inches without seriously ifnpairing the metal. The peripheries ofthe rolls travel faster than those portions nearer the rollcenters-intersected by the grooves. lVith deep grooves't-he flangeswedge or bind therein and cannot respond Ito the more l rapid movementof the web transmitted from the roll peripheries. The result is that themetal isrfinjuriously strained, and insome cases the web is ruptured.Sections thus produced are not available for bridge and like structural.work where full strength ,is required of the web. The resultis that forsuch uses the deep-flange sections are built up, the flange and webmembers being rolled separately and riveted together so that their costis much greater than a like section formed by rolling.

The present invention is designed to obviate these diiiiculties andeliminate the expense of fabricating and riveting by ,providing for theproduction of sections having integral flanges of any desired width. Inthe preferred practice a blank is rolled with web and flange membersfinished as to width but in such angular relation to each other that theblank is produced in a roll pass shallower than the finished section, soshallow that no portion of the metal is subjected to injurious unequalrolling. With the web and flanges fully proportionedA the finishedsection is produced by simply bending the blank to place those parts intheir final an- Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

vApplication led November 11, 1908. Serial No. 462,058.

sular relation. The initial heat. for the m11? ing operation issufficient for the final bending so that the shapes are produced by acontinuous operation, the rolling of the blank being immediatelyfollowed by the bending which gives to the section its inished form.

In practicing the method, the blank is preferably4 rolled with angularlongitudinal projections and fillets or grooves at the junctures of theweb and flange members, thereby not only perfectly forming said membersin the rolling operation, but also by the same operation accuratelydefining and'proportioning the metal at the angles or corners, the samebeing in no way disturbed or im-v paired by the subsequent bending. Itis further characteristic of the invention' that the blanks are rolledwith corner-forming projections disposed downwardly so that thedirection of the vertical bending pressure is upward rather thandownward. The result is that the blanks move from the nal roll pass onto a roll table and the mechanism for exerting vertical pressure may bearranged and operated, from beneath, which obviously is much moreconvenient and affords amore expeditious operation than though it werenecessary to so support the blanks as to permit of downward rather thanupward bending. f l

The invention may be practiced in producing sections of various shapes.In some instances, particularly for a relatively shallow section, theblank may be so rolled that -only a. single bending operation isnecessary to give it final form. With other sections, and particularlywhere the flanges are relatively deep, two such operations are had.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view of a final roll passfor producing a blank for one form of a deep fla-nge section, the blankbeing also shown. Figs. 2 and 3 are views of mechanism for bending Vtheblank of Fig. l into finished form, said views indicating by full anddotted lines the several steps of the bending operation. Fig. 4 is aview similar to Fig. l illustrating a blank `having relatively narrowflanges adapted to be given final form by a single operation, thatoperation being indicated by full and dotted lines in Fig. 5. Figs. 6 to11, inclusivey'show various sectional shapes with appropriate mechanismsfor bending the blanks into final form. Fig. 12 illustrates the sectionformed by the bending mechanism of Fig. 11.

Referring to'Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the relatively shallow roll pass A isshaped to produce a substantially flat blank, of which 1 is t-he web and2 the flange` members. The

rolls are preferably so turned as to producel the right anglelongitudinal projections 3 on the under side of the blank at thejunctures of the web and flange members, and corresponding fillets orgrooves 4 in the upper face of the blank. The metal is curved at 5 wherethe flat surface of web l merges into one of the inclined flat faces 6of projections 3, and similar curves 7 are provided where flanges 2merge into the outer leg 6 of projection 3. Obviously, the web and.flange members may be any desired width.

At the completion of the rolling operation, the blank passes onto atable or horizontal support consisting of a series of rollers 8, as manysuch rollers being employed as may be desired.l These rollers are each.grooved at 9 to receive angular projections 3, thereby maintaining theblank in correct position for the bending operation. The rightangleprojections 3 are of the form,.both as to i l tions take place.

thickness land shape, of the corners of the finished section, and tocomplete the latter it is only necessary to press the angularprojections into the 'plane of web 1, which operation either partiallyor wholly completes 35' the forming of the section.

For wide-flange channels of the form shown in Figs. l'to 3, two bendingopera- The first is accomplished by means of the notched knuckles 10,pivoted'to the vupper ends of links 11, which in turn are connected tothe toggle levers 13 operated by the piston rod 14 of a suitable ram orpower cylinder not shown. For the first bending, the notched knuckles 10embrace the corners or projections 3, the arrangement being such thatthe upward bending ressure is applied to the corners and to the lnnerfaces 6 of the projections, and in this first operation the metal is sobent as to eliminate curves 5 and place legs or branches 6 of theangular projections in the planeof web 1. At the completion of this"first operation, the parts are in the position shown in dotted lines inFig. 2, with the outer faces 6 of the projections turned straightupward,

and with the flanges inclined outwardly due to curves 7. To eliminatethese curves and thereby place the whole ofthe flange at right angles toweb 1, the flanges are engaged by the 4laterally movable' pressing heads15 which when moved inward straighten up the flanges, obliteratingcurves 7, as in Fig. 3, It will be notedthat the first bending operationis accomplished by upward pressure, the

mechanism moving upwardly and flange members 2 away rom the4 rollersupport. This direction of the pressure is quite important, as therebythe invention may be practiced with a very simple form of rolll table,it being only necessary for the rolls to be grooved to accommodate theangular projections of the blank. During this bending operation it isnecessary to hold the blank or at least the web portion thereof frommoving upward'. This may be accomplished by means of two foot-likepressing members 16, suitably supportedy from' above, and preferablypositioned to press on the outerportions of the web, or at pointsadjacent to the angle and .groove defined juncture of' the web andflanges.

For relatively narrow flanges, the blank may be produced in the rollpass B of Fig'. at, lwherein theV angular downward projections 3 andopposite fillets or grooves are formed as above described, but in whichthe 'such inclined position as to produce the blank in a comparativelyshallow roll pass so that there is no injurious unequal rolling orstraining of the metal. ItA is obvious'.

however, that the comparatively narrow flanges may also be produced bythe bending operations indicated in Figs. 2 and 3.

For producing channel sections of the shape shown in Figs. 6 and 7,wherein the extremities of the flanges are turned inwardly, as indicatedat 17, the bending-'operations are the-same as in the operation de-'scribed `of Figs. 1 to 3, the substantially flat blank being rolledwith sa-id'projections at the extreme edges thereof.

For channel sections like that shown in 4 Fig. 8, wherein the outerportions of the flanges are T-shaped, as indicated at 18, the firstbending operation is by means of knuckles 10, as above described. Forthe second and final bending, triangular heads 19 arc substituted forheads 15, the same ,fitting the outside angle of the T head and therebysecuring the hold necessary to -move the flange to its final ositionf."`It will be understood that the heads are rolled on the blank, the sameas projections 17 of' Figs. 6 and 7.

For channels having outwrdlyv disposed extremities 20, asin Figs. 9 and10, the lank is bent up around a trough-like die 21, su1t ably sup ortedabove the roll table,the die having t e laterally projecting wings 22.

, This is designed for use where the extensions 20 are too wide to berolled in finished relation with the flanges. Hence the blank issubstantially flat, being provided with the downward angular projections3 for the main or lower corners, and upward projec tions 23 which definethe corners at the inner edges of extensions 20. The first bendingoperation is accomplished by knuckles 10` as above described, and thesecond and final grinding with heads 19, like those shown in Inproducing the M or W section of Fig. l2, a die 24 oflVl-form is suitablysupport-cd above the roll table. The blank is rolled with a centraldownward angular extension 25 and two similar corner defining upwardextensions 2G. rl`he bending elements consist oftwo vertically movableangular heads 27 which when raised carry the blank up Wardly into thecavities of the die, placing the corners of the blank in or around thecorners of the die and giving perfect form to the finished section. i

rllhe foregoing are only some of the numerous sectitnal shapes producedby practicing the invention. In each, it will be seen that relativelywide flanges are produced by an operation which is substantially acontinuation of the rolling, the bending mechanism being simply anextension of the rolling mechanism and so arrangeil as to receive theblanks directly from rolls so that the metal is bent into shape whilestill hot.-

I claim l. The method of producing a section with a web and deepflanges, consisting in rolling the web and flanges each into its finalformsave distortions adjacent the junctures thereof-and in such relationthat the roll pass is shallower than the finished section, and theneliminating the distortions and placing the web and flanges in finishedangular relation andeach in finished form.

2. The method of producing a. section with a web and deep flanges,consisting in rolling a blankwith deep flange members Vso disposed tothe web due to curved por# tions adjacent their juncture that the blankis produced by a relatively shallow roll pass wherein the metal of theweb is not injured by strains resulting from varying speeds of a deeproll pass, and then placing the web and flanges in finished relation bystraightening said curved portions.V f

3. The method of roducing sections with deep flanges, consisting inrolling a blank with web and flange members with opposite i angles andllets at the junctures o the web nent angles and corresponding filletdepressions at the junctures of the web and flanges, the web and flangesbemg 111 such relat1on due to distorted portions adjacent the junctureof the web and flanges that they are produced in a.v roll pass shallowerthan the finished section, and then applying bending pressure so thatthe web and flanges will assume proper position.

5. The method of producing sections with deep flanges, consisting inrolling a. blank with web and flange members with right angleprojections at the unctures of the web and flanges, the web and flangesbeing in such relation due to distortions adjacent their junctures thatthe blank is produced in a roll pass shallower than the finishedsection, and then removing the distortions by bending the blank untilthe corner of the angle is brought to the plane of the web member.

6. The method of producing deep flange sections, consisting in rolling ablank with web-and flange members with' angular projections at one faceof the blank, the web member merging into the inner branches of theprojections andthe flange members extending from the outer branchesthereof, the web and flange members being in such relation due todistortion near the angular projection that the blank is produced in aroll pass shallower than the finished section, and then placing the weband each of the flange members in final relation by bending thedistorted portion with the angular projections forming the corners ofthe finished the web and flange members being in such relation that theblank is produced in a roll pass shallower than the finished section,and

then straightening out the curves connecting the web member and theright angle probetween the web and flange members and to prov1de thefinished section with rlght angle corners.

8. The method of producing deepl flange'7 and flanges, the web andflanges eing in l sections, consisting in rolling a blank with suchrelation due to dlstortlonsl adjacent |.web and flange members and withangular their juncture that the bla-nk 1s produced in l projections atone face of the blank, the

-- jections for increasing the angular relation blank being curved atthe junctures of the 4Connecting the Hange members andthe angu- Web andflange members with the angular lar projections. 10 projections, the weband flange lmembers be- In testimony whereof I affix my signature ing insuch relation that the blank is prol in presence of two Witnesses.

duced in a roll pass shallower than the GEORGEH. EVERSON. finishedsection, and subsequently straight- Witnesses:

ening the curves connecting the web mem- J. M. NESBIT,

ber and said projections and the curves W. M. SIMMONS.

